Tuesday 20 August 2024

More Scales Than Feathers

So far, August is shaping up to be a quiet month on the natural history front, well for me anyway, and moths and butterflies have been featuring more than birds, but I have been going out as much as I can. The weather hasn't been great for many ringing sessions, nor has it been brilliant for looking for insects, but Gail and I have been trying. 
 
I have lumped together our moth catches from our garden light trap from the beginning of the month until this morning, and we have recorded 117 moths of 27 species, which is sadly, very quiet. Moth trap intruders have included a few Mottled Sedge caddis flies, European Crane Fly, and this morning a species of Harvestman, Opilio canestrinii. This species of Harvestman was first recorded in the UK in 1999 in Essex, and since then it has become more widespread and common. It has expanded northwards from Italy, Austria and Switzerland. 
 
Our moth totals are as follows:   

Common Rustic -35
Codling Moth - 4
Clay - 1
Dark Arches -2
Copper Underwing -4
Light Brown Apple Moth - 14
Poplar Hawkmoth - 1
Lesser Yellow Underwing -7
Flame Shoulder - 4
Large Yellow Underwing -17
Cabbage Moth - 1
Box-tree Moth - 1
Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing -3
Willow Beauty -3
Garden Carpet - 3 
Agriphila straminella -2
Double-striped Pug - 1
Brown House Moth -3
Setaceous Hebrew Character - 1
Square-spot Rustic -3
Marbled Beauty - 1 
Small Square-spot - 1 
Yellow Shell - 1
Bright-line Brown-eye - 1 
Grey Dagger - 1
Shuttle-shaped Dart - 1
Vine's Rustic - 1 
 
Copper Underwing
 
Grey Dagger

Poplar Hawkmoth walking up the side of our light trap
 
Just under two weeks ago, we went out late morning looking for a few butterflies at various sites, and again it was quiet. The weather was okay temperature-wise, but it was a tad breezy, affecting one site more than the other. 

We started off at Larkholme Grasslands, and we recorded 8 Meadow Browns, 4 Small Skippers, 4 Common Blues, and a Small White. We then had a look in the dunes at Rossall Point, but it was too breezy here, and we just had 10 Meadow Browns, a Common Blue, a Large White, and 2 Speckled Woods (scrubby area).
 
Meadow Brown
 
Speckled Wood
 

About a week ago, we had a ringing session at the Nature Park, and we had 6 oktas cloud cover, with a 10 mph south-easterly wind. As we were putting the nets up, the Starlings were exiting their reedbed roost, and we estimated about 4,000, which is an increase on recent weeks. 
 
It felt quiet as we put the nets up, and it was quiet, as we only ringed ten birds as follows:
 
Reed Warbler - 4
Cetti's Warbler - 1
Whitethroat - 2
Willow Warbler - 2
Blackbird - 1 
 
Reed Warbler
 
Sometimes it can feel quiet, and we have a good session, and other times we have a good feeling about the morning, and we have a poor session, you really can't tell what it's going to be like. 

The birding was equally as quiet, and all that is perhaps worth mentioning are 2 Whimbrels, a Little Egret, a singing Cetti's Warbler, a Raven, and a Great Spotted Woodpecker.

We recorded a few insects, namely a Common Blue Damselfly, 2 Meadow Browns, 3 Speckled Woods, a Gatekeeper, and 2 Common Blue butterflies. 

I have recorded Swifts over the house and garden in the evenings, but none since two on 12th August. 

Inspired by, and on the recommendation of, a great guy called Dave Higginson-Tranter, who posts some brilliant videos on YouTube, mainly about fungi, I purchased Britain's Plant Galls - A Photographic Guide by Michael Chinery recently. The intention is for Gail and I to start looking for plant galls when we are out and about. We had a look in the garden, and found a few Eupontania pedunculi galls on the Willows in our garden, known as the Willow Gall Sawfly. It's a great book, and I can heartily recommend it, and it gets you looking for other things when you are out in the great outdoors, or even in your garden. 
 
An excellent book
 
Eupontania pedunculi
 

A couple of days later, Gail and I had a late morning walk from the Quay and along the Wyre estuary, again hoping for a few insects as it was sunny, but there was a niggling westerly wind. 

We did have a few butterflies on the wing; 2 Small Whites, 2 Red Admirals, a Common Blue, 3 Peacocks, and a Painted Lady, which I think was our first of the year. 
 
Panted Lady (above & below). I like the contrast of the above picture between
the harshness of the rusted razor wire, perhaps suggesting a landscape of decay, 
and the beauty of the butterfly, showing that there is life and hope if we want it. 
 

Out on the mud in the Quay were 97 Redshanks, our biggest count of the autumn so far. We also had a handful of Oystercatchers, but out over the river they were constantly heading downstream towards Great Knott, to feed in the mouth of the estuary. Also on Great Knott, between Fleetwood and Knott-End-on-Sea, there were at least 730 Sandwich Terns roosting, which is the most that I have seen there. 
 
Sandwich Terns
 
We also had 3 Little Egrets and a Whimbrel on the water's edge along the river. Walking back, we sat down overlooking the estuary on the old quayside, and we were looking at some Sea Plantain that had gone over, when we noticed some invertebrates running around on the vertical plain of the sandstone blocks, and then they would disappear into the joints of the blocks. After a few photographs, a bit of Googling, consulting some books back home, we concluded that they were a species of jumping bristletail, Petobrius brevistylis or maritimus. They are common, but it is amazing what you can see, if you take the time to look.
 
Little Egret
 
Petobrius brevistylis or maritimus (click the picture for a better view)
 
The following day I decided to have a sea-watch off Larkholme. I arrived at first light under 5 oktas cloud cover, with a 15 - 20 west-southwesterly wind. I set up at my seawatching/visible migration watch point, and enjoyed watching five Curlews bathing and preening in the water of the incoming tide.
 
One of the five Curlews
 
The sea was quiet, although I enjoyed the highlight, which was a dark morph Arctic Skua that was leisurely heading north, harassing Sandwich terns as it went. I always marvel at the manoeuvrability of these large kleptoparisitic birds, as they out-fly smaller, more agile Terns. Stunning! 
 
The supporting cast to the Skua were 47 Sandwich Terns, 25 Common Scoters, and 12 Shelducks. I didn't have any visible migration, and my walk around the farm fields didn't produce much other than 2 Kestrels, 11 Magpies, two Linnets, and a juvenile Reed Bunting
 
Reed Bunting
 
The forecast isn't looking great over the next few days, with unsettled weather from the west in charge, but if there is a possibility to get out, we'll take it.

Thursday 1 August 2024

July

July is a pretty poor title I know, mainly because this blog post concerns itself with the second half of July, but it was the best that I could come up with. Sometimes, I'll start writing a post without a title, and the title becomes obvious from the nature of the post, but not this time.  

Mid-July saw Gail and I carrying out the final breeding bird survey of our coastal site in northwest Cumbria. It was a glorious morning, with clear skies, and a light southerly wind. Whitethroats were very much in evidence at different stages in their breeding cycle, as we encountered a few fledged juveniles, and two different adults carrying food, so they obviously still had young in the nest. Whitethroats can have 1 - 2 broods, but I suspect few will have two broods this year, as it seems that a lot of birds lost at an early stage, and started again. 

There was a trickle of Swallows south, only about fifteen, but definitely a southerly movement. We had two pairs of Stonechats, but didn't notice any juveniles, and I suspect that they have finished nesting now. House Martins from the nearby housing estate were foraging for insects, and we also had a pair of Kestrels

Throughout the second half of the month, we have operated our garden moth trap several times, including overnight Sundays into Monday, so that I can show our 22-month old grandson, Alex, some of the moths. I am not sure how impressed he is with moths, although he did seem to be impressed with a Buff-tip that Gail showed him. He does wander round shouting Gull and moth, so I hope we are doing something right.
 
Gail showing Alex a Buff-tip moth
 
I have decided to lump together my totals for the month, rather than to post individual day totals, so below, in no particular order, is what we trapped in the second half of July:
 
Riband Wave - 8
Codling Moth - 9
Double-striped Pug -2
Marbled Beauty - 13
Clay -2
Dot Moth -5
Smoky Wainscot - 1
Dark Arches -10
Bright-line Brown-eye -2
Light Brown Apple Moth - 14
Brown House Moth -5
Garden Grass-veneer - 2
Clepsis consimilana - 3
Buff Ermine -3
Carcina quercana -11
Fan-foot -5
Common Rustic - 12
Mottled Rustic - 1
Single-dotted Wave -5
Large Yellow Underwing- 3
Old Lady - 1
Lesser Yellow Underwing - 4
Bee Moth -3
Small Dusty Wave - 2
Garden Carpet - 2
Uncertain - 2
Shuttle-shaped Dart - 1
Buff Arches - 1
Swallow-tailed Moth - 1
Rustic - 2
Common Pug - 1
Yponomeuta sp. -2
Pine Shoot Moth - 2
Small Angle Shades - 1
Scalloped Oak - 3
Yellow Shell - 1
Eudonia mercurella - 1
Iron Prominent - 1
Dotted Clay - 2
Willow Beauty - 1
Buff-tip - 1
Cabbage Moth - 1
Flame Carpet - 1

153 moths of  44 species.
 
Buff-tip
 
Flame Carpet

 
Old Lady
 
If you don't already run a light trap in your garden, or indeed in other habitats, I can heartily recommend it. It is so interesting, and absolutely fascinating, and particularly if you post your records to an online biological data recording system like iRecord you are contributing to our knowledge on moth populations, and this data can then be used to aid in their conservation. A win, win situation! What's not to like?
 
Just over a week ago, we had an early afternoon walk through Larkholme Grasslands Biological Heritage Site (BHS) to look at a few plants, and hopefully it would be warm enough for a few butterflies to be on the wing. We had clear skies, with a 15 mph WNW wind.
 
We had three species of butterfly, and one species of day-flying moth; 22 Meadow Browns, 1 Small White, 5 Small Skippers, and 2 Silver Ys.
 
In the second half of July, Gail and I managed to have two ringing sessions at the Nature Park. We were keen to get a few sessions in before the end of the month, to be confident that we had encountered as many of the local breeding birds as possible. Interestingly, the lack of recaptures during the sessions would suggest that the birds have quickly moved on. I've lumped the totals from the two sessions together below, and we ringed 38 birds (recaptures in brackets):
 
Wren - 1
Chiffchaff -2
Cetti's Warbler -5
Blue Tit - 2
Reed Warbler -5
Blackcap -6
Sedge Warbler -6
Whitethroat -2
Robin - 1
Blackbird - 1 
Goldfinch - 2
Reed Bunting - 1
Willow Warbler - 1
Long-tailed Tit - 3 (2) 
 
Cetti's Warbler
 
Chiffchaff
 

Driving along the road to the Nature Park, we flushed 15 - 20 Blackbirds, and it would seem that they have had a good breeding season. However, in the south of England, and particularly in Greater London, they have been struggling. 
 
The British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), think a new virus, first detected in London in 2020, may be accelerating the decline of blackbirds in the UK. 
 
The Usutu virus (USUV), originally discovered in the 1950s in Africa, and present in Europe for the past three decades, is carried and transmitted by mosquitoes. Culex pipiens, or the Common House Mosquito, is one of the main culprits – the species is native to the UK and is ornithophagic, meaning bird-biting.
 
Hugh Hanmer, senior research ecologist with the BTO, said that “the overall fatality rate is unknown, but the Usutu virus causes systemic infection in Blackbirds, affecting multiple organs including the brain. Affected Blackbirds are most often found dead without prior evidence of ill-health.”
 
Certainly, one to watch out for, and let's hope this virus doesn't spread.
 
As we opened the gates to gain access to the site, we could hear Sandwich Tern and Whimbrel calling from the estuary, and a Grasshopper Warbler was reeling nearby. 
 
Common Centaury. This is just starting to flower now at the Nature Park
 
During both sessions, as we were putting the nets up, the Starlings exited their reedbed roost, and we estimated about 1,000 and 900 birds respectively. Two juvenile Ravens over, would indicate successful breeding locally, and on both dates the only raptor we had was a female Sparrowhawk.  

Hemp-agrimony. Just starting to flower at the Nature Park.
 
Knotted Pearlwort. As I was putting the poles back on the car, I noticed these
white flowers in the sward.
 

As it warmed up, a few butterflies were on the wing, including 4 Speckled Woods, 2 Common Blues, 2 Gatekeepers, a Large White, 4 Small Whites, and a Meadow Brown. We also had a Common Blue Damselfly, and a Siver Y moth.  

A couple of days ago, we waited until it had warmed up in the afternoon, before having a walk along the estuary from the Quay. We were hoping for a few common butterfly species, and we recorded 7 Small Whites, 11 Common Blues, 4 Gatekeepers, and a Red Admiral. We also had a Silver Y moth, lots of Common Drone Flies, Honey Bees, and Bumblebees (mainly Red-tailed, Buff-tailed and Common Carder).
 
Buff-tailed Bumblebee
 
Common Blue
 
Common Drone Fly
 
A worn Gatekeeper
 
Honey Bee

Redshanks were starting to build up in numbers again on the mud in the quay, and we had 60, alongside nine Little Egrets in the estuary. 
 
Little Egret
 
I note that Spring 2024 (March, April, and May), has been confirmed as the hottest on record in the UK, beating the highest previous temperature by 0.25 C. It was also the wettest spring on record since 1986, and it is this in particular this year, that will have caused the problems that I and other naturalists have observed, with some of our breeding birds. It most certainly has caused lots of failed nesting attempts, but based on the ratio of adults to juveniles that we are catching in our reedbed and scrub site, perhaps the birds have caught up a bit with later nesting attempts. Let's hope so! 

Over on the right you will see that I have updated the ringing totals for Fylde Ringing Group up until the end of July. During the month eight new species were ringed for the year, and these were Wren, Sand Martin, Blackcap, Grey Wagtail, Lesser Whitethroat, Cetti's Warbler, Whitethroat, and Reed Bunting. 

Below you will find the top 3 ringed in July, and the top 9 'movers and shakers' for the year.

Top 3 Ringed in July

1. Blackcap - 12
    Reed Warbler - 12
2. Sedge Warbler - 11

Top 9 Movers and Shakers

1. Siskin - 112 (same position)
2. Blue Tit - 81 (same position)
3. Goldfinch - 37 (same position)
4. Tree Sparrow - 34 (down from 3rd)
5. Chaffinch - 30 (down from 4th)
6. Great Tit - 28 (down from 5th)
7. Reed Warbler - 23 (down from 6th)
8. Sedge Warbler - 12 (straight in)
    Blackcap - 12 (straight in)